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The Afghan Hound is a hound that is distinguished by its thick, fine, silky coat and its tail with a ring curl at the end, the breed acquired its unique features in the cold mountains of Afghanistan. Its local name is Tāžī Spay ((パシュトー語:تاژي سپی)) or Sag-e shekâri (Dari Persian: سگ تازی). Other alternate names for this breed are ''Kuchi Hound'', ''Tāzī'', ''Balkh Hound'', ''Baluchi Hound'', ''Barutzy Hound'', ''Shalgar Hound'', ''Kabul Hound'', ''Galanday Hound'', or sometimes incorrectly ''African Hound''. ==History== The Afghan Hound has been identified as a basil breed that predates the emergence of the modern breeds in the 19th Century. Today's modern purebred breed of Afghan Hound descends from dogs brought in the 1920s to Great Britain, which King Amanullah of the Afghan Royal Family gave away as gifts. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Afghan Hound: A History )〕 Some had been kept as hunting dogs, others as guardians.〔''Afghan Hounds''; Pisano, Beverly; TFH Publications; June 1988; pg. 12; ISBN 0-87666-682-9 and ISBN 978-0-87666-682-1〕 Although demonstrably ancient, verifiable written or visual records that tie today's Afghan Hound breed to specific Afghan owners or places is absent, even though there is much speculation about possible connections with the ancient world among fanciers and in non-scientific breed books and breed websites. Connections with other types and breeds from the same area may provide clues to the history. A name for a desert coursing Afghan hound, Tazi (sag-e-tazi), suggests a shared ancestry with the very similar Tasy breed from the Caspian Sea area of Russia and Turkmenistan.Other types or breeds of similar appearance are the Taigan from the mountainous Tian Shan region on the Chinese border of Afghanistan, and the Barakzay, or Kurram Valley Hound. There are at least 13 types known in Afghanistan, and some are being developed (through breeding and recordkeeping) into modern purebred breeds.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=List of Rare Sighthounds )〕 As the lives of the peoples with whom these dogs developed change in the modern world, often these landrace types of dogs lose their use and disappear; there may have been many more types of longhaired sighthound in the past. Once out of Afghanistan, the history of the Afghan Hound breed becomes an important part of the history of the very earliest dog shows and The Kennel Club (UK). Various sighthounds were brought to England in the 1800s by army officers returning from British India (which at the time included), Afghanistan, and Persia, and were exhibited at dog shows, which were then just becoming popular, under various names, such as Barukzy hounds.〔 They were also called "Persian Greyhounds" by the English, in reference to their own indigenous sighthound. One dog in particular, ''Zardin'', was brought in 1907 from India by Captain Bariff,〔http://www.afghanhoundtimes.com/zardinb.htm Zardin painting - F T Daws〕 and became the early ideal of breed type for what was still called the Persian Greyhound. Zardin was the basis of the writing of the first breed standard in 1912, but breeding of the dogs was stopped by World War I.〔 Out of the longhaired sighthound types known in Afghanistan, two main strains make up the modern Afghan Hound breed. The first were a group of hounds brought to Scotland from Baluchistan by Major and Mrs. G. Bell-Murray and Miss Jean C. Manson in 1920, and are called the ''Bell-Murray strain''. These dogs were of the lowland or steppe type, also called kalagh, and are less heavily coated. The second strain was a group of dogs from a kennel in Kabul owned by Mrs. Mary Amps, which she shipped to England in 1925. She and her husband came to Kabul after the Afghan war in 1919, and the foundation sire of her kennel (named Ghazni) in Kabul was a dog that closely resembled Zardin. Her ''Ghazni strain'' were the more heavily coated mountain type. Most of the Afghans in the United States were developed from the Ghazni strain from England. The first Afghans in Australia were imported from the United States in 1934, also of the Ghazni strain.〔(Chien Magazine Afghan Hound history ) 〕 The French breed club was formed in 1939 (FALAPA). The mountain and steppe strains became mixed into the modern Afghan Hound breed, and a new standard was written in 1948, which is still used today. The spectacular beauty of Afghan Hound dogs caused them to become highly desirable showdogs and pets, and they are recognised by all of the major kennel clubs in the English-speaking world. One of the Amps Ghazni, ''Sirdar'', won BIS at Crufts in 1928 and 1930. An Afghan hound was featured on the cover of Life Magazine, November 26, 1945. "Afghan Hounds were the most popular in Australia in the 1970s…and won most of the major shows".〔() 〕 An Afghan Hound won BIS (Best in Show) at the 1996 World Dog Show in Budapest. Afghan hounds were BIS at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1957 and again in 1983.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Best In Show Winners )〕 That win also marked the most recent win at Westminster for breeder-owner-handler, Chris Terrell. The Afghan Hound breed is no longer used for hunting, although it can be seen in the sport of lure coursing.〔(Afghan Hound Lure Coursing )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「afghan hound」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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